According to World Meteorological Organization (OMM), the population must prepare for an episode of record heat in the coming months. the end of La Nina and the turn of El Niño, very expressive climatic phenomena, are responsible for this change.
La Niña is a weather phenomenon that occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean and is characterized by cooler than normal sea temperatures in that zone. This cooling of sea water can have effects on the global climate, including changes in precipitation, temperatures and wind patterns.
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This phenomenon lasted a long period, intensifying the drought and the rains around the world. Started in September 2020, the event reduced global warming. However, even with the cooling, the years 2021 and 2022 were the warmest since 2015, according to the WMO.
“The cooling caused by the long episode of La Niña temporarily contained the increase in global temperatures, despite the fact that the period of the last eight years has been the hottest ever recorded”, explains the secretary general of the WMO, Petteri Taalas.
The El Niño phenomenon occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean and is characterized by warmer sea temperatures than normal in that zone. This warming of sea water could have effects on the global climate. “If we now enter an El Niño phase, it is likely that there will be another increase in global temperatures,” adds Taalas.
According to the WMO, there is a 15% probability of an El Niño forming between April and June, but it increases to 35% between May and July, reaching 55% between July and August.
“We need another two or three months to have a more reliable idea of what will happen. Monitoring the oscillation between the two phases helps countries prepare for possible impacts, such as floods, droughts, or extreme heat,” said Álvaro Silva, a consultant for the agency.
It is noteworthy that both phenomena occur in a context of climate change caused by the activity human activity that increases global temperatures, affects seasonal rainfall patterns, and causes warmer temperatures. tall.
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