Blood types are not limited to the best known, between positive and negative, the O, AB, B and A systems. The truth is, these are just the popular ones among antigens. As directed by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), another 43 systems and more than 300 blood antigens have been identified.
The main difference between these variables is the protein compounds. There are others that are not popular, but have become known over time, such as the 'kell-null', known among professionals as the phenotype Bombay.
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Bombay's rarity is due to its lack of H antigen on red cells. Reportedly, these antigens were located in greater numbers in the United Kingdom, Japan and Finland. The number is relatively incredible in Brazil, as advised by the Ministry of Health, according to the National Register of Rare Blood (CNSR), registering only three Brazilians with the blood type rare.
The CNSR makes the quantitative based on blood donations in blood centers throughout the country to be able to locate donors in case of need. This happens because patients with rare blood can only receive donations, if necessary, from other patients with the same type. sanguine.
One of these three people needed a blood donation at the beginning of March, when the general coordination of the Ministry of Health needed to find the rare blood type for a woman from Piauí to receive the donation. A task force was set up when they identified the same blood type in São Paulo, in the city of Botucatu.
Blood donated in São Paulo, for a woman located in the northeast of Brazil, traveled 2,600 km to reach the patient. The woman received the rare blood on the same day after the registered donor in the southeast made the donation of the rare blood type. What could usually be done in the same region of the city had to be moved to another state.
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