The Federal Supreme Court (stf) is the maximum instance of the brazilian judiciary. Therefore, it is their duty to judge actions of the State, determining what is or is not correct, according to the Constitution.
The body is made up of 11 ministers, appointed by the President and considered by the Senate. However, despite being chosen by the president, power does not function as a subordinate ministry to the Federal Executive.
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As stated earlier, the STF takes care of issues related to the Brazilian State. Therefore, power only judges actions that are relevant to the entire country, not just one state.
Some of the historically judged agendas involve issues such as cases of corruption, judgment of racial quotas and same-sex civil unions, for example.
It is also responsible for defining whether laws or normative acts are constitutional, as well as judging the actions of the president, vice president and other members of the National Congress. As well as the Attorney General of the Republic, and the members of the STF.
In this way, the instance has the power to judge the executive branch itself. This is because the STF can judge defendants who have privileged jurisdiction and who are involved in situations that go against the norms of the Constitution.
Among the 11 ministers of the STF, one is elected president. This election is internal, among ministers. Each term lasts two years, without the right to immediate re-election. In addition, the vice president is also chosen in the vote, who is the second most voted for the position of president.
Thus, the Plenary is formed by the union of the eleven ministers. Ministers meet to discuss major issues involving the President of the Republic, Vice President, President of the Chamber or Senate.
However, in other cases, the STF is divided into two classes. Each of them has five ministers, and the president of power does not participate in any of them. That's because each class has its own president.
Unlike what happens in the Plenary, in the classes there is no election to become the president. The oldest minister in that class is declared for the position.
Despite being essential, for the position it is not enough just to have the indication of the President of the Republic. Therefore, it is necessary that the ministers fulfill some prerequisites of the position.
One of them is to be Brazilian born and to be between 35 and 65 years old. You also need to pursue a career in the legal field, without necessarily needing to be a judge. Another requirement for the position is to have an unblemished reputation, that is, there cannot be serious prosecutions or accusations.
In addition, the post of minister is for life. The exchange of ministers only occurs in cases of death or retirement. In these cases, a new nomination process for the post is initiated.
O STF ministers salary is one of the highest in the public-political area in Brazil. Currently, the salary of ministers is BRL 39.3 thousand. However, this only refers to the gross value, without other benefits, which can further increase the total earnings of the position.
See too: How Much Does a Justice of the Peace Earn?
