To the bacteria are unicellular living beings, prokaryotes that are part of the Kingdom Monera. Bacteria are very important for the balance of ecosystems, but some cause diseases that can be very serious.
We prepared a list of exercises on diseases transmitted by bacteria so that you can test your knowledge about these organisms that are pathological agents of many diseases.
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1) (UFPR) There are different modes of transmission of human infectious diseases. The figure on the side shows three of them.
Dengue and tuberculosis have their main modes of transmission represented, respectively, in:
a) A and B.
b) A and C.
c) B and A.
d) B and C.
e) C and A.
2) (UNINORTE) Regarding the symptoms and forms of transmission of leprosy, it is correct to state:
a) Leprosy can be transmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypty mosquito.
b) patients with leprosy usually have high fever, body aches, anemia and muscle weakness.
c) consumption of undercooked meat contaminated with Mycobacterium leprae can lead to the development of the disease.
d) the main symptoms of the disease are the presence of white or reddish spots on the skin, and the loss of sensitivity to heat, cold, pain and touch.
e) the disease is transmitted by contact with contaminated blood, through blood transfusions or sexual contact.
3) Gas gangrene is a rare infection caused by bacteria that trigger tissue necrosis. Although rare, it is a disease that can be fatal. Among the alternatives below, mark the one that correctly indicates the name of the genus of the bacillus that causes gas gangrene.
The) Clostridium.
B) Streptococcus.
w) corynebacterium.
d) Leptospira.
It is) Neisseria.
4) (UEMG) Leptospirosis and Dengue are diseases that can be fatal. Information about transmission methods helps the population to take important preventive measures.
A prophylactic measure that can prevent the spread of both diseases is:
a) carry out periodic vaccination of the population.
b) prevent the accumulation of rainwater.
c) control the population of insect vectors.
d) avoid contact with contaminated water.
5) (UNIFESP) The first user introduces the needle into the vein to inject the drug. To make sure the needle is in the vein, he draws some blood into the syringe. He then passes it on to another person, who prepares his own dose, without bothering to sterilize the syringe with the first user's blood. And so, successively, the syringe goes through everyone. Içami Tiba, 123 answers about drugs.
The text, which reports the use of an injectable drug, can also be used to describe the spread of diseases such as:
a) AIDS and hepatitis B.
b) gonorrhea and syphilis.
c) gonorrhea and AIDS.
d) meningitis and AIDS.
e) meningitis and hepatitis B.
6) (FMP) Leptospirosis is an infectious disease influenced by both environmental and social characteristics. Favelas are areas where the risk of contracting this infection is high because they are subject to flooding and residents do not have access to basic sanitation. The risk is also greater for individuals who work with garbage collection or in civil construction, since they are more exposed to mud, soil and other contaminated materials.
The infection described in the text is caused by:
a) infective larvae of aschelminths that survive in moist soil and water.
b) basidomycete spores present in the feces of rats, pigeons and bats.
c) virus acquired when the unvaccinated individual enters areas of transmission.
d) spirochete bacteria that multiply in the kidneys of rodents and other mammals.
e) flagellated protozoa, eliminated along with the urine of rats, dogs and other animals.
7) (UNIFOR) Tuberculosis (TB) caused a great impact on humanity, mainly in the middle of the century, where it is estimated that approximately a quarter of the European population died of tuberculosis. The discovery of effective drugs against the disease, the development of vaccines, linked to a notorious advance in quality of life of the world population, contributed to a significant drop in the number of TB cases in most countries. countries. However, more recently, the reappearance of this disease has been noticed, with high incidence in several places. This fact can be associated with the emergence of AIDS, the decrease in the effectiveness of drugs used in the treatment and the worsening of health conditions in some countries.
About tuberculosis, it is correct to say:
a) infectious disease caused by the bacillus mycobacterium leprae, which was first described by Robert Koch.
b) the disease is characterized by having a rapid evolution and is spread through aerosols in the air that are expelled when people with infectious tuberculosis cough and/or sneeze.
c) tuberculosis is considered a socially determined disease, as its occurrence is directly associated with the way in which social processes are organized.
d) the Penta vaccine is used to prevent tuberculosis and must be administered to all newborns.
e) the immune response is capable of preventing the development of the disease and, for this reason, people with a more resistant immune system are not at risk of acquiring tuberculosis.
8) Gastroenteritis is the name given to a group of infections of the digestive system that trigger problems such as diarrhea, vomiting and fever. This disease, also known as "traveler's diarrhea", can be caused by the bacteria Escherichia coli, which is transmitted:
a) through eating contaminated undercooked meat.
b) through food and water contaminated by patient feces.
c) through the bite of hematophagous insects.
d) through unprotected sexual intercourse.
e) from mother to baby at birth.
9) (UESPI) Recently, 250 people died from Cholera in Haiti, with more than 3000 infected. The cholera:
a) is caused by rats that inhabit the sewers.
b) it has a viral origin and is transmitted after eating contaminated food.
c) affects only children and the elderly, who are immunologically more deficient.
d) is typical of regions of the planet without sanitary sewage infrastructure.
e) it is more common during the summer than in the winter.
10) (CESMAC) Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum. On this subject, it is incorrect to state that:
a) the species causing the disease is unicellular and does not have a nuclear membrane or membranous organelles.
b) the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract are the entry point for the infectious agent.
w) T. pallidum it is able to pass through condoms (condoms) during intimate contact.
d) the infection causes hard chancre, lumps that evolve into reddish ulcers with hardened edges.
e) the disease is treatable with common antibiotics such as penicillin.
1 – c
2 – d
3 – the
4 – b
5 – the
6 – d
7 – c
8 – b
9 – d
10 – c
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