To the eukaryotic cells give rise to all living beings on planet Earth, with the exception of bacteria.
They are composed of plasma membrane, cytoplasm It is core well defined, that is, the genetic material it is enclosed in a membrane, called a nuclear envelope.
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This is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Cell biology has been much discussed in the tests of the AND EITHER and other entrance exams in the country, so it must be a well-explored content when studying.
The Escola Educação team prepared a list of exercises about eukaryotic cells for you to test your knowledge about this content.
You can consult the template and save the list in PDF at the end of this post. Enjoy!
1) (Fuvest) Protein food labeled with radioactivity was phagocytosed by paramecia. A few minutes later, the paramecia were analyzed and the highest concentration of radioactivity was found:
a) in the centrioles.
b) in the mitochondria.
c) in the library.
d) in the nucleolus.
e) in the endoplasmic reticulum.
2) (UFRN) The end of the axon of the nerve cell shows great metabolic activity during the passage of the nerve impulse to the dendrites of the next cell. Such heightened metabolic activity is possible due to the presence of a large number of:
a) mitochondria.
b) ribosomes.
c) vacuoles.
d) lysosomes.
3) (UFRGS) Check the alternative that correctly fills in the gaps in the statement below, in the order in which they appear.
Current prokaryotes contain structures also present in eukaryotic cells, such as ___ and ___. The ___ theory describes how eukaryotic cells could have evolved from prokaryotic cells.
a) cytoskeleton – mitochondria – spontaneous generation
b) cell wall – plasma membrane – pangenesis
c) golgi complex – ribosomes – pangenesis
d) cytoskeleton – ribosomes – endosymbiosis
e) cell wall – mitochondria – endosymbiosis
4) (PUC-RS) – The cell cytoplasm is composed of organelles dispersed in an aqueous solution called cytosol. Water therefore plays a key role in the cell. Of the functions that water plays in the cytosol, which one is not correct?
a) Participates in osmotic balance.
b) Catalyzes chemical reactions.
c) Acts as a universal solvent.
d) Participates in hydrolysis reactions.
e) It participates in the transport of molecules.
5) When we analyze a eukaryotic cell and compare it with a prokaryotic cell, we realize that the existing organelles are not the same in both cell types. This is because in eukaryotic cells:
a) there are no membranous organelles.
b) the number of membranous organelles is less than the number of organelles present in prokaryotic cells.
c) there are membranous organelles and in prokaryotic cells there are not.
d) we do not find ribosomes.
e) we found only ribosomes.
6) The eukaryotic cell is not found only in one group of living beings. This group is included in the realm:
a) Protoctist.
b) Animalia.
c) Plantae.
d) Fungi.
e) Monera.
7) (UFPA) Living organisms can be formed by prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. The main difference between these cells is the presence or absence of a membrane-bound nucleus. Considering this aspect, it is correct to state that:
a) the “fluid mosaic” model is applied only to the plasma membrane of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, it does not apply applying to other biomembranes, such as those present in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex and mitochondria.
b) only ribosomes, centriole and mesosome are non-membranous organelles present in prokaryotic cells.
c) the cell wall of cyanobacteria contains the same sugars present in the cell wall of plant cells, fungi and algae.
d) transports such as osmosis and simple diffusion occur through the plasma membrane of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, with great consumption of energy in the form of ATP.
e) DNA, mRNA, tRNA and rRNA, nucleic acids present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, act in protein synthesis.
8) (UFla) The destruction of non-functional organelles of a eukaryotic cell is done by:
a) peroxisome.
b) rough endoplasmic reticulum.
c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
d) lysosome.
e) Golgi complex.
9) The presence of a well-defined nucleus characterizes a eukaryotic cell, differentiating it from a prokaryotic cell. Among the alternatives below, mark the one that indicates the correct name of the membrane that separates the genetic material from the cytoplasm.
a) karyotek.
b) plasma membrane.
c) cell wall.
d) tonoplast.
e) plasmalemma.
10) Analyze the alternatives below and mark the one in which an organelle present in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is indicated.
a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
b) Mitochondria.
c) Peroxisome.
d) Golgi complex.
i) Ribosome.
feedback
1 and
2 — the
3 — d
4 — b
5 — c
6 — and
7 — and
8 — d
9 — the
10 — and
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