Fungi are organisms belonging to the Kingdom Fungi and actively participate in food chain as decomposers. They are also important for the food industry and for the manufacture of medicines.
We prepared a list of exercises on the importance of fungi so you can test your knowledge of the Fungi Kingdom.
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1) (PUC-RIO) Fungi are organisms that:
a) store carbohydrates in the form of starch.
b) they always have a body made up of one cell (unicellular), usually filamentous, except for reproductive structures.
c) are prokaryotes that usually form colonies.
d) play a very important role in plant nutrition, through symbiotic associations with plant roots, being called mycorrhizae.
e) are autotrophic or heterotrophic.
2) (UNB) All items indicate some importance linked to fungal activity, except:
a) can cause diseases called mycoses.
b) play a fermentative role.
c) autotrophic production of organic substances for consumption by other beings.
d) some produce antibiotics.
e) participation in the formation of lichens.
3) (IFMG) Fungi are complex organisms and play important roles in maintaining life on Earth. All of the following statements about these organisms are correct except:
a) Yeast is an example of an important fungus in cooking because it performs lactic fermentation, making bread dough rise.
b) mushrooms are edible fungi.
c) Fungi are heterotrophs and acquire their food by absorption.
d) in the process of sexual reproduction, mushrooms form a fruiting body.
e) some species of fungi act as decomposers of dead organic matter, transforming it into inorganic matter.
4) In addition to being used as food, fungi are used in the pharmaceutical industry. Penicillin, manufactured from a fungus of the genus penicillium, is an important one:
a) anti-inflammatory.
b) antipyretic.
c) antibiotic.
d) anticonvulsant.
e) anti-hemorrhagic.
5) Fungi play an important role in the environment, being, together with bacteria, fundamental to the process of:
a) endosymbiosis.
b) metamorphosis.
c) decomposition.
d) photosynthesis.
i) cellular respiration.
6) Some people believe that fungi are only responsible for causing disease and spoiling food. It should be noted, however, that fungi are used as food and in the manufacture of some products, such as cheese and bread. Among the species mentioned below, mark the one that correctly indicates the name of the fungus popularly known as champignon.
The) Saccharomyces ellipsoideus.
B) Penicillium roqueforti.
w) Agaricus Bisporus.
d) penicillium camembertii.
It is) Saccharomyces cerevisae.
7) Fungi have both economic and ecological importance. Some fungi, for example, associate with plant roots, establishing mutualistic relationships called:
a) lichens.
b) commensalism.
c) mycorrhizae.
d) protocooperation.
i) endosymbiosis.
8) We know that fungi are heterotrophic organisms, although many believe that they are quite similar to plants. They feed on organic matter, being responsible for recycling nutrients. Among the following alternatives, mark the one that indicates the name used in reference to organisms that carry out the decomposition of organic matter:
a) saprophages.
b) autotrophs.
c) bacteriophages.
d) neurophages.
e) Propagules.
9) (VUNESP) The edible part of the mushroom (champignon) corresponds to:
a) Monokaryotic ascomycete mycelium.
b) ascomycete fruiting body.
c) monokaryotic mycelium of the basidiomycete.
d) fruiting body of the basidiomycete.
e) soredium of the fungus.
10) Some microscopic and unicellular fungi are widely used in the fermentation process. An example is the species Saccharomyces cerevisae, which is used to produce beer. Unicellular, microscopic fungi that live in colonies are called:
a) mushroom.
b) mildew.
c) yeast.
d) wooden ear.
e) mildew.
1 – d
2 – c
3 – the
4 – c
5 – c
6 – c
7 – c
8 – the
9 – d
10 – c
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