Autocracy it is a form of government based on the convictions of a single person, with unlimited power.
This term was first used in the Ancient Greece to refer to generals who made decisions without having to consult the assembly. They were called autocrator which translated, means "by himself" and Kratos, “government”, “power”.
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Thus, autocracy is a self-centered government, which centralizes all power in the hands of a single ruler who does not heed external suggestions for decision-making. Autocracy is the opposite of democracy, in which the people actively participate in the decisions of the State.
The figure of the autocrat is directly related to power.
Generally, autocracy is represented by dictatorships or by absolute monarchies. Both the dictator and the absolute monarch concentrate all power in their hands.
In the dictatorship, autocracy is seen as the solution for overcoming social conflicts. The concentration of power in a political figure, allied to the elimination of civil rights, is seen as the only way out to protect society from a possible threat (imaginary or real).
during the European totalitarian regimes that prevailed in the first half of the twentieth century, autocrats adopted titles that strengthened their power. Let's look at some examples:
All these terms were used to refer to the chief who led the nation.
In the absolute monarchy, the king's power is mixed with divine power. As he is considered the materialization of God on earth, the king's actions are justified by divine design. For absolute monarchs, the king's will is God's will.
Thus, in an autocratic government, the people do not have power in the decisions of the State, which is managed by itself (autos) government.
In this model, it is common for the political leader's power to be unlimited and concentrated, for information to be controlled and for civil rights and individual freedoms to be limited.
bourgeois autocracy is a concept created by researcher Florestan Fernandes to refer to the Brazilian social structure.
For him, Brazil is a country that has a false democracy, because only the interests of the richest (bourgeoisie) are considered to the point of influencing the country's policy.
In this sense, the working class is placed in the background, with its demands disregarded. Furthermore, it is up to this class to act in accordance with the interests of the bourgeoisie under threats of reprisals that involve retaliation and dismissals.
Thus, the bourgeoisie is the real holder of political power in Brazil, having its interests defended in all spheres of the State (legislative, executive and judiciary). This fact prevents democracy from becoming effective.
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