The proposal for the renovation of secondary education emerged in 2017, through Law 13,415/2017, approved during the government of former President Michel Temer. Debates have become evident in recent days due to the implementation that began to be carried out in 2022, aiming to combat school dropout in educational institutions.
The new proposal for the final years of basic education enables the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) as the document that sets out the educational guidelines for Brazilian education. Students would have access to an annual workload of 1,400 hours, gradually implemented over the years to reach the daily workload of 7 hours.
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The system foresees that common teaching (Mathematics, Portuguese and the like) be applied together with choice for a training itinerary, relying on the student's personal decision and on what the school offers. Linked to basic education, the student could choose an area to deepen in languages, human and natural sciences, mathematics or technical education.
The Ministry of Education (MEC), in order to obtain answers together, opened the public consultation to reassess the effective implementation of the new secondary education.
The repeal of the Law approved in 2017 has been requested and commented on by specialists since the year of its approval. For teachers and education specialists, there is a discrepancy between the contents offered in school institutions, and these differences were effectively evidenced by the change in curriculum.
In an interview with Agência Brasil, Mônica Ribeiro da Silva, teacher and coordinator of the Observatório do Ensino Médio da Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), says that there are 27 “high schools” operating in Brazil, with different implementations and resumes.
The elective subjects that are under the student's personal choice depend directly on what the school can offer. There are cases and complaints that there are subjects teaching how to produce brigadeiros, soaps and petshop work.
This is a vision that puts public schools at a significant distance from effective “technical teaching”, because while there are schools offering robotics teaching, others teach how to take care of pets; some are prepared to take entrance exams, others are prepared to bathe pets.
Maria Servidoni, coordinator of the Pedagogy course at UNESA (Estacio de Sá University), says that implementation of the new curriculum in secondary education increases the distance between public education and private.
Private institutions will offer the best resources for the student to choose the route they would like to attend. In contrast, public high school students may be limited to inferior choices due to lack of resources allocated to schools. There are even reports that some public schools offer only one elective subject option and still have great difficulty in offering students to choose from.
Camilo Santana, current minister of MEC, did not express the desire to revoke the implementation proposal. The public consultation was opened so that they can discuss the matter and adjust the issues that are being put on the agenda.
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