The oceans play a crucial role in regulating global temperature and climate. Ocean thermal capacity allows the absorption of solar heat during the day and its release at night. Thus, temperature variations are mitigated.
Furthermore, the seas are still vital in absorbing carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere, contributing to the mitigation of climate change.
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Climatic phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña are influenced by thermal variations on the sea surface in the tropical Pacific Ocean.
El Niño, for example, is characterized by the abnormal warming of Pacific waters, causing significant climate impacts around the world, such as droughts and floods.
Recently, there has been growing concern about rising ocean temperatures. In this sense, NASA published the article “The ocean has a fever“.
The text explains that average sea surface temperatures have exceeded historical records maintained by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA, acronym in English).
The oceanographer of NASA, Josh Willis, highlights that the El Niño Pacific Ocean has played a role in worsening long-term global warming by affecting high ocean temperatures.
Such variations in ocean temperatures are already observed in several parts of the world, including the northwest of the Pacific Ocean, near Japan, and the northeast, near California and Oregon, in the United States United.
Different temperature ranges were also recorded in the Indian, Arctic (Northern) and Antarctic oceans. In Puerto Rico, a global heat wave has affected the island, resulting in record temperatures.
In this case, there have been heat indices reaching up to 46.6°C since June. The US National Weather Service issued consecutive extreme heat warnings during this period.
(Image: disclosure)
Furthermore, water temperatures around Puerto Rico have changed, impacting minimum temperatures on the island and causing higher thermal levels in the morning.
These warm waters have also impacted marine life, leading to an increase in sargassum and the bleaching of coral reefs in the Caribbean.
Warming seas during hurricane season could also accelerate the development of more hurricanes in the region.
Finally, Gavin Schmidt, director of NASA's Goddard Space Research Institute, attributes the increase in sea temperature, in large part, to human activity and the emission of greenhouse gases in atmosphere.
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