The dwarf banana, also known as water banana, faces a serious threat of extinction due to a deadly fungus, the Fusarium oxysporum, which causes the so-called Panama disease.
This infection attacks the roots of the banana tree, preventing the absorption of water and the performance of photosynthesis, leading to the death of the plant.
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The banana nanica, or banana Cavendish, is a variety that dominates the global market for this fruit due to its resistance to diseases and long shelf life.
The current situation is similar to the extinction of the Gros Michel banana, which was the main exported variety in the last century until it was decimated by the same type of fungus.
Scientists are looking for solutions to save the dwarf banana from extinction, one of which involves genetically modifying the fruit to make it resistant to the fungus, creating the QCAV-4 variety.
(Image: disclosure)
While some experts believe the dwarf banana still has about a decade before the disease's impact, is drastic, there are concerns about the spread of Panama disease, which has already reached several regions, including North America. South.
Additionally, a recent study identified evidence of up to three undescribed species of bananas or subspecies hidden among the species consumed.
This discovery raises questions about the complex evolutionary history of these fruits and highlights the importance of preserve and protect plant genetic diversity to ensure a continuous food supply essential.
The situation of the dwarf banana is a warning about the vulnerability of monocultures and the need for measures to protect agricultural crops against threats such as fungal diseases.