Equality, this word summary this economic political system called Socialism.
This system proposes equal distribution of income, extinction of private property, socialization of the means of production, planned economy and, in addition, the seizure of power by the proletariat.
The purpose of socialism it is a society where goods and property are owned by everyone.
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What is socialism? It is a political and economic system that had its beginnings between the end of the 18th century and the first part of the 19th century and whose main objective is equality. The socialist system is associated by many with the Marxist model.
Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis on class relations and social conflict, which uses a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical vision of transformation Social.
What are the main characteristics of Socialism?
How does socialism work? Power is centralized in the hands of the State, however, the population would normally work in state-owned companies that are supervised by the State itself.
Thus, it would be possible to equalize salaries (neighbors, friends, family members, and others start having equal salaries), to that there are no social differences between the community, thus making education, health and transport services public.
How did socialism come about? Socialism emerged at the end of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th, with the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
THE Industrial Revolution marked a period of development in the second half of the 18th century that transformed rural agrarian societies in Europe and America into urbanized and industrialized cities.
Goods that had once been meticulously crafted by hand began to be produced in large quantities by machines in factories, thanks to the introduction of new machines and techniques in textiles, iron making and others industries.
Which countries are considered socialist? Cuba, China, North Korea, Vietnam and Laos.
What are the main authors of socialism? Among several we can highlight these 4 main thinkers:
Claude Henri de Rouvroy: was a French philosopher and economist, one of the founders of modern socialism, and theorist of utopian socialism. He has some works of religious inspiration. At the end of his life, he obtained a peaceful life economically, thanks to the people who participated in his group.
Charles Fourier: François Marie Charles Fourier was a French socialist from the early part of the 19th century, one of the fathers of cooperativism. He was also a fierce critic of the economism and capitalism of his time, and an opponent of industrialization, urban civilization, liberalism and the family based on marriage and monogamy.
Robert Owen: he was a Welsh social reformer, considered one of the founders of socialism and cooperativism. He was one of the most important utopian socialists.
Karl Marx: was a philosopher, sociologist, historian, economist, journalist and socialist revolutionary. Born in Prussia, he later became stateless and spent much of his life in London, UK.
What is the difference between socialism, capitalism and communism?Capitalism, communism and socialism are political doctrines that a government can use to administer the country in different areas, in today's world the capitalist system prevails.
Capitalism, socialism and communism are different political-economic systems. During the Cold War, Capitalism and Socialism divided the world, each represented by a great power, the US on the capitalist side and the Soviet Union on the socialist side. This further accentuated the differences between the two countries.
Socialism aims at a totally egalitarian society, without distinction in social classes and total control of income and commerce by the State, where there is a socialization of the means of production. Capitalism is the opposite, where the accumulation of goods and the opening to globalization are some of the main elements. In this system, we see that there is a prone scenario for great economic growth and investments foreigners, however, problems such as social inequality, that is, the concentration of profit in the hands of a few, are quite common.
Communism is an advanced stage of socialism. Unlike the previous one, it does not need the existence of a State to control and prevent the entry of capitalism.
Currently, the group of socialist countries are seen as more closed. Obviously, by adopting another system (such as Cuba, for example), such nations tend to become more interconnected with each other. The bloc of capitalist countries today is an intense majority. The existence of economic blocs that help the included nations to greater growth are common.
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Socialism is an economic system in which everyone in society equally owns the factors of production. Property is acquired through a democratically elected government. It could also be a cooperative or a public company, where everyone owns shares. The four factors of production are labor, entrepreneurship, capital goods and natural resources.
These factors are valued only for their usefulness to people.
Socialists take into account both individual needs and larger social needs. They allocate resources using central planning, as in a command economy.
Examples of the greatest social needs include transport, defence, education, health and preservation of natural resources. Some also define the common good as taking care of those who cannot directly contribute to production. Examples include the elderly, children and their caregivers.
A mantra of socialism is: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his contribution." Everyone in society receives a share of the output based on how much each one has contributed. This system motivates them to work long hours if they want to get paid more. Workers receive their share of production after a percentage has been deducted for the common good.
Socialists assume that the basic nature of people is cooperative. They believe that this basic nature has not fully emerged because capitalism or feudalism forced people to be competitive.
Socialists argue that the economic system must support this basic human nature before these qualities can emerge.
Under socialism, workers are no longer exploited because they have the means of production. Profits are distributed equitably among all workers, according to their individual contribution.
But the cooperative system also provides for those who cannot work. It meets your basic needs for the good of the entire society.
The system eliminates poverty. It provides equal access to health care and education. Nobody is discriminated against.
Everyone works with what's best and what they like. If society needs jobs that no one wants, it offers greater compensation to make them worthwhile.
Natural resources are preserved for the good of the whole.
The biggest disadvantage of socialism is that it depends on the cooperative nature of humans to work. It ignores those within society who are competitive, not cooperative. Competitive people tend to look for ways to bring down and disrupt society for their own benefit. Capitalism takes advantage of this “greed is good”. Socialism pretends it doesn't exist.
As a result, socialism does not reward people for being entrepreneurs. It strives to be as innovative as a capitalist society.
A third disadvantage is that the government has a lot of power. This works as long as it represents the wishes of the people. But government leaders can abuse that position and claim power for themselves.
Socialists believe their system is the obvious next step for any capitalist society. They see income inequality as a sign of late-stage capitalism. They argue that capitalism's failures mean that it has evolved beyond its usefulness to society. But the failures of capitalism are endemic to the system, no matter what stage it is at.
The founders of the United States included the promotion of general welfare in the Constitution to balance the failures of capitalism. He instructed the government to protect everyone's rights to pursue his idea of happiness, as outlined in the American Dream. It is the government's role to create a level playing field to allow this to happen. This can happen without throwing capitalism away in favor of another system.
There are no countries that are 100% socialist, according to the UK Socialist Party.
Most have mixed economies that incorporate socialism with capitalism, communism or both.
Norway, Sweden and Denmark: The state provides medical care, education and pensions. But these countries also have successful capitalists. The 10% of people in each nation own more than 65% of the wealth. That's because most people don't feel the need to accumulate wealth, as the government offers a great quality of life.
Cuba, China, Vietnam, Russia and North Korea: These countries embody characteristics of socialism and communism.
Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Guyana, India, Mozambique, Portugal, Sri Lanka and Tanzania: All these countries expressly declare that they are socialist in their constitutions. Your governments manage their economies. All have democratically elected governments.
Belarus, Laos, Syria, Turkmenistan, Venezuela and Zambia: All these countries have very governance strengths, ranging from healthcare, media or social programs managed by the government.
Many other countries, such as Ireland, France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Belgium, have strong socialist parties. Their governments provide a high level of social support. But most companies are privately owned. This makes them essentially capitalist.
Many traditional economies use socialism, although many still use private property.
The means of production are managed by the workers and there is a democratically elected government. Central planning distributes common goods such as mass transport, housing and energy, while the free market can distribute consumer goods.
Socialism will only emerge after capitalism is destroyed. "There is no peaceful path to socialism." Factors of production are owned by workers and managed by them through central planning.
Libertarianism assumes that the basic nature of people is rational, autonomous and self-determined. Once the restrictions of capitalism have been removed, people will naturally seek a socialist society that takes care of everything, free from economic, political or social hierarchies. They see that it is in their best interest.
Production is owned by workers. They decide how to distribute among themselves. They would sell excess production on the free market. Alternatively, it could be handed over to society, who would distribute it according to the free market.
This type of socialist economy places a high value on maintaining natural resources. Public ownership of large corporations achieves this. It also emphasizes public transport and locally sourced food. Production focuses on making sure everyone has enough of the basics rather than consumer products that we don't really need. This type of economy guarantees a livable wage for everyone.
The Christian teachings of brotherhood are the same values expressed by socialism.
This was more of a vision of equality than a concrete plan. It appeared in the beginning of the 19th century, before industrialization. This would be achieved peacefully through a series of experimental societies.
This kind of socialism was extolled by a British organization in the late twentieth century. He advocated a gradual shift to socialism through laws, elections and other peaceful means.
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