Anísio Spínola Teixeira was one of the important characters in the history of Brazilian education. He spread the foundations of the new school, he was one of the signatories of the manifesto of the new school, he defended free public education.
Anísio Teixeira's biography began on July 12, 1900, in the city of Caetité BA. Son of Deocleciato Pires Teixeira and Ana Spínola Teixeira.
He attended primary school at Colégio São Luiz in 1907. In 1914, he attended secondary school at Colégio Antônio Vieira, in Salvador. He graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Legal and Social Sciences, in 1922, at the Faculty of Law of the University of RJ.
In 1924 he was appointed general inspector of education in the interior, justice and public instruction department of the BA. On a trip to Europe he has the opportunity to analyze the education system. A year after the trip, in 1926, Anísio opened the Escola Normal de Caetité.
In 1927 he travels to the US to study school organization.
In 1929 Anísio, who held the position of General Director of Instruction in Bahia, resigns. In the same year, Anísio Teixeira published the book “Dewey's Pedagogy: outline of John's Theory of Education Dewey” and also graduates as a master of arts, specializing in education from Columbia's Teacher's College University.
Two years later, Teixeira is appointed a member of the Commission of the Ministry of Education and Public Health, to reorganize secondary education.
He publishes Educação Progressiva, also holds the chair of Philosophy of Education at the Instituto de Education in RJ and then at the UDF School of Education, where he remains until he leaves the Instruction Board Public. It was in this same year in 1932 that he signed the Manifesto of the pioneers of the new education. On May 7, 1932, he marries Emília Telles Ferreira.
He was appointed Secretary of Education and Culture of the Federal District in 1935, but on December 1st he resigned for political reasons.
Marta Maria was born in 1937, she is his first child. Also in the Estado Novo, Anísio Teixeira and his family are banned, and move to the interior of Bahia.
With the arrival of his second daughter he moves to Salvador in 1939, where he manages alongside the brothers Jaime and Nelson, the Importing and Exporting Society (Simel) which exports ores and imports locomotives and material rail.
In the years that followed, two more children were born to Anísio: Carlos Antonio in 1941 and José Maurício in 1943
From 1947 to 1951 Anísio Teixeira was the Secretary of Education and Health of the State of Bahia.
From 1951 to 1964 he held the position of General Secretaries of the Campaign for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes).
From 1952 to 1964 he was on the Board of the National Institute of Pedagogical Studies (Inep).
“A education and the Brazilian crisis” is published in 1952, “The university and human freedom” is published in 1954. In 1956 he publishes “A educaçã O and the Brazilian crisis”
A year later, he inaugurated the Regional Center for Educational Research in Recife and published “Educação é não privileged”.
He is honorary president of the closing session of the São Paulo State Student Congress.
In 1959, the Casa do Brasil is inaugurated, in the University City of Paris. A year later he travels to Chile to attend the meeting of the Council of Higher Education of the American Republics.
In 1962 he becomes a member of the Federal Council of Education. In that same year, his son José Maurício dies.
In Brazil, in 1964, Anísio was persecuted for baseless defamations and was prosecuted for embezzlement.
From 1967 to 1971, he became a consultant for educational matters at Editora Nacional, and also participates in the Federal Council of Education.
In 1969, “Educação no Brasil” and “Educação no Mundo Moderna” were published, his last two books.
On March 11, 1971, he was found dead in the elevator shaft of the building where academician Aurélio Buarque de Holanda lives.
Download from the book: Anísio Teixeira
