There are many Biology concepts that cause confusion in the National High School Examination (And either) and other tests that students need to take.
Understanding the meaning of each of these terms is essential to better understand biological processes and, consequently, do better in the Enem and other entrance exams.
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Let's check some Biology concepts that we should not confuse in the Enem?
Population
Group of individuals of the same species that live in a given location at the same time period. The group of humans who live in your neighborhood is an example of a population.
Community
Group formed by several populations that live in a certain place in the same period of time. If we put together the humans, dogs, cats and plants that live in your neighborhood, we have a community.
ecological niche
It is the position that a species occupies and the functions it performs in a community. Ecological relationships between populations such as predation are examples of ecological niches.
Habitat
Refers to where a species lives.
genes
It's a part of DNA which carries the genetic information that transmits traits to offspring.
allele genes
They are genes that occupy the same position, or gene locus, on homologous chromosomes, that is, they are those responsible for the alternatives for the same characteristic, such as the different colors of the eyes.
diploid
Cells with the full number of chromosomes of the species, known as 2n.
haploid
Cells with half the total number of chromosomes of the species, known as n. They serve to keep the number of chromosomes constant during sexual reproduction, so only gametes are haploid cells.
Mitosis
Equational cell division, in which a 2n mother cell gives rise to two equal daughter cells, that is, also 2n.
Meiosis
Reduction cell division, in which a 2n mother cell gives rise to four n daughter cells, that is, with half the number of chromosomes. This division takes place to form gametes.
Antigen
Molecules that are able to trigger an immune reaction in the body and bind to an antibody. You virus, for example, are antigens.
Antibody
Glycoproteins that are produced from the stimulus of antigens to protect the body of individuals. When coming into contact with a virus, the body receives a stimulus and starts to produce antibodies to fight it.
Here we list the main terms that cause confusion when studying, but there are many other biological concepts that are extremely important to perform a good test.
Always try to know the meaning of terms that you have never heard and relate them to already known concepts, thus it will be easier to contextualize the theoretical knowledge that will be used to answer the questions of the Enem and other vestibular.
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