In literature, an anthology is a series of works collected in a single volume. They usually address a unifying theme or issue. These works can be short stories, essays, poems, lyrics or plays.
They are usually selected by an editor. It should be noted that if the works collected in the volume are all by the same author, the book would more accurately be described as a collection rather than an anthology. Anthropologies are typically organized around themes rather than authors.
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While anthologies existed before the 20th century, it was the publishing industry that brought the anthology as a literary form. The advantages of the anthology as a marketing device were plentiful:
New writers can be linked with a more marketable name.
Shorter works could be collected and monetized more easily.
Discovery of authors with similar styles or themes engage readers looking for new reading material.
The use of anthologies in education gained momentum as the sheer volume of literary works required grew to enormous proportions. The anthology offers a broad and shallow overview of the literature in a relatively concise format.
Anthologies maintain a strong presence in the world of fiction. In many genres, such as science fiction or mystery, the anthology is a powerful tool for promoting new voices. It's also a way for publishers to make money.