A beach revolution or Pernambuco Beach Insurrection took place in the territory of Pernambuco, between the years 1848 and 1850.
led by the liberal Pedro Ivo Veloso da Silveira, the “praieiros”, as the revolutionaries became known, fought for the end of autarky conservatorship of the Cavalcanti and Regos Barros families, in addition to the end of the Portuguese commercial monopoly.
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The expression “praieira” that gives its name to the revolution, refers to Rua da Praia, where the headquarters of the newspaper “Diário Novo” was located, the main means of communication for the liberal groups.
Strongly inspired by the ideals of French Revolution, the revolt illustrated the political clash between liberals and conservatives.
During the imperial period, the province of Pernambuco was the most important of all the Brazilian Northeast. A sugar production was at its best.
At the time, the Pernambuco elite enjoyed great prestige in relation to the central government, based in Rio de Janeiro.
However, at the end of the Second Reign, the absolutist and aggressive domination of the elites of the sugar province caused revolt and dissatisfaction among a large part of the population.
The political monopoly of the Cavalcanti and Regos Barros families, associated with the increase in social inequalities and Portuguese domination in the sectors of politics and commerce, were the main reasons that led to the revolt.
The lack of political autonomy also made artisans, plantation owners, liberal professionals and sectors of the lower class join the movement.
In 1848, the liberal politician Antônio Chinchorro da Gama dismissed as governor of Pernambuco for d. Pedro II, caused revolt and indignation on the part of liberals, in what would be the trigger for the beginning of the revolution.
The call, Manifesto to the World, was the document written by the liberal rebels during the events of the Praieira Revolution. Published on January 1, 1849, the declaration had the following conditions:
The city of Olinda it was the first to host the conflicts of the Praieira Revolution that spread throughout the state of Pernambuco.
Battles took place in interior regions, such as in the town of Maricota, now the city of Abreu Lima. In the year 1849, the revolutionaries arrived in Recife with a troop of almost 2,500 combatants.
Under the leadership of Pedro Ivo, attacks on constructions and buildings set the tone of the demonstration.
However, the bellicose power of the empire was even greater on the strength of the revolutionaries. Aiming to maintain the relationship of cordiality between liberals and conservatives, D. Pedro II opted for granting amnesty to the participants in the revolution.
After numerous conflicts, in the year 1850 it reached the end the wave of movements against imperialist absolutism.
See too: Timeline of Brazil Empire – First and Second Reigns and Chronology
