A Eastern Northeast Atlantic Watershed is located in the northeast region of six Brazilian states, namely: Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco and Alagoas.
It occupies an area of approximately 287,000 km², 3.4% of the Brazilian territory. It covers 739 municipalities, among which are the capitals RRecife, Fortaleza, Maceió, Natal and João Pessoa, in addition to large cities such as Caruaru, Mossoró and Campina Grande.
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The basin is made up of sub-basins, among which are: Jaguaribe River Basin, Goiana Basin, Ipojuca Basin, Paraíba Basin and Piranha-Apodi Basin.
The population density of the region is more than 21 million inhabitants, which represents about 12.7% of the country's population. (ANA, 2002).
Almost the entirety of its area belongs to the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region, characterized by periods of prolonged drought and high temperatures throughout the year. The basin is in a hydrographic region with the lowest water availability in Brazil.
The biomes that are part of the hydrographic region of the basin are the Caatinga, the Atlantic Forest, the Cerrado and the Mangroves.
It is situated in the region between the tropics, or intertropical. Due to intense solar radiation, the average annual temperature in the region is high (24.5 °C). The region has a small thermal amplitude, little variation between the highest and lowest temperature, the annual thermal variation is low (5° to 2°).
The region has been presenting several environmental impacts, such as water contamination by release of sewage, fertilizers and pesticides, loss of fauna and flora, desertification and silting up.
Most of the rivers that make up the basin are temporary, so regions of the basin have periods of drought that make navigation impossible.
The region is not composed of large rivers, the main ones are:
(Sources: National Water Agency (ANA), Brazil Water Project, Toda Matéria)
