Of the 3.2 million Brazilians aged 19, 2 million completed high school, which represents 63.5% of the total, according to a survey by the movement All for Education, based on the National Household Sample Survey from 2012 to 2018 (PNAD-C) by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
Of the total who did not finish high school, 62% are no longer in school and, of these young people, 55% stopped studying in elementary school. For the director of Educational Policies at Todos pela Educação, Olavo Nogueira Filho, the challenge is to bring those who dropped out of classrooms to school.
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“The indicators show that we have serious problems in secondary education and we are not managing to reverse them. However, the biggest challenge refers to basic education. We need to reverse the trajectory of failure in basic education,” he said.
Between 2012 and 2018, according to the survey, there was an increase of 11.8 percentage points in the high school completion rate up to the age of 19. According to Nogueira Filho, the evaluation of data by state shows that it is possible to improve service to young people in secondary education.
In Pernambuco, for example, the rate of those who complete secondary education up to the age of 19 (67.6%) is higher than the national average. “It shows you can do better,” she said. The responsibility for basic education lies with the states and municipalities. The Union participates with the financing.
In primary education, according to the survey, completion rates remained stable over the period. This stage had a drop in the absolute number of graduates due to the reduction of the 16-year-old population in the country. In 2018, there were 212,281 fewer graduates than in 2017, which in turn had fewer graduates than the previous year, with a reduction of 64,058.
According to the executive president of Todos Pela Educação, Priscila Cruz, the numbers reflect “a low level of quality in basic education” in the country.
“Although the country has the merit of having advanced in offering access to school, we have failed to guarantee the quality of education for everyone and with that we are losing our children and young people along the way, configuring a serious scenario of school exclusion”, she argued.
The movement defends the adoption of a national strategy and an integrated action of the Union, the states and municipalities, in basic education – which includes early childhood education, elementary education and secondary education. average.
“The indicators show that the challenges for our young people to complete basic education at the right age are complex and require systemic action, that is, with public policies on several fronts at the same time and in a integrated. We have diagnoses, we have evidence on the best paths, we have networks that are advancing. It is time to prioritize the measures that can really make the country advance in the quality of basic education”, stated Priscila Cruz.
The survey showed inequality in education. Adolescents of color and residents of rural areas have lower completion rates than those of whites and urban areas in all stages of basic education.
In elementary school, the difference between blacks and whites is 10.4 percentage points and between young people from rural and urban areas, 12 percentage points. In high school, the gap widens to 19.8 percentage points and 19 percentage points, respectively.
The assessment of Todos pela Educação is that the low rate of completion of basic education at the right age is related to the school failure rate, that is, the combination of failure and dropout.
The survey shows that, from the 3rd year of elementary school onwards, the end of the literacy, the school failure rate begins to intensify: in 2017, 10.5% of students did not passed the year. In the 6th year, this index jumps to 15.5%. In the 1st year of high school, out of every 100 students, 23 fail. The information is from Agência Brasil.
