O National Council of Education (CNE) approved the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC) from highschool. The document defines the minimum content that will be taught in all schools in the country, in secondary education, public and private.
In practice, the BNCC should be implemented by 2020. “The big difference in high school from now on is a change, a high school that is no longer the same high school for everyone. He needs to work with differences that exist from a regional point of view and even individual students”, says the president of the BNCC commission at the CNE, Eduardo Deschamps.
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Based on the BNCC, the states, public education networks and private schools must prepare the curricula that will actually be implemented in classrooms. For that, they will have two years.
The BNCC is guided by the new secondary education, approved by law in 2017, which, among other measures, determines that students have, at this stage of education, part of the common curriculum and the other directed towards a training itinerary, chosen by the student himself, whose emphasis may be on languages, mathematics, natural sciences, humanities or teaching technician.
“We see this process as a gain for Brazilian education”, says the secretary of Basic Education at the Ministry of Education (MEC), Kátia Smole. According to her, the government prepared itself to support education systems and state networks in the process of implementing the BNCC. “We'll keep watching while we're here,” she emphasizes.
“The work with high school students will no longer be applied to disciplines, but to problem solving”, said the counselor.
“Instead of specifically studying a discipline in physics or chemistry, I can deal with a problem in mathematics and the environment, applying combined knowledge. The [curricular] organization ceases to be watertight and becomes more focused on everyday life,” said Deschamps.
The reform established a curriculum based on five training itineraries:
With the reform, it was established that schools could choose how they would occupy 40% of the high school workload. The remaining 60% would be established by the BNCC.
The document was approved by 18 votes in favor and two abstentions: by the former president of the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (Inep), professor Chico Soares and counselor Aurina Santana.
The BNCC began to be discussed during the government of Dilma Rousseff and, after the impeachment, the document was modified by the government of Michel Temer, which generated a series of protests. The document's discussion sessions at the CNE have been troubled. Two of the five public hearings, in São Paulo and Belém, were cancelled.
It is worth remembering that, before the BNCC, Brazil did not have a mandatory national curriculum, and the only subjects listed by law as mandatory in the three years of high school were Portuguese, mathematics, arts, physical education, philosophy and sociology.
In September 2016, with the MP that reformed secondary education, the Michel Temer government changed the text of the LDB to remove arts, physical education, philosophy and sociology from the list of explicitly obligatory subjects in the three years. However, after criticism of the change, they were re-included on the list when the law was sanctioned in February 2017.
Yesterday (3), Chico Soares, who was rapporteur for the document, left the rapporteurship. Counselor Joaquim Soares Neto took his place. “I am completely in favor of having a Base that specifies the rights of the country, however, at this moment, we are leaving out a structure, which for me is essential”, said Soares, who was one of the only ones who abstained from the vote today. The counselor explains that the BNCC brings a new education proposal that is no longer structured in disciplines, as it is today.
This, according to him, will face several barriers to be implemented, including the allocation of teachers. The BNCC does not contemplate the training itineraries that may be chosen by the students. At this stage of training, the issue of disciplines will be more difficult to implement, in Soares' assessment.
Present at today's meeting, the executive secretary of the Movement for the National Common Curricular Base, Alice Ribeiro, said that there were important advances comparing the BNCC document presented in April and the document Final. According to her, the education networks will have “a knife and cheese in hand” to implement the new secondary education.
After revision, the BNCC will be forwarded to the MEC and already has a scheduled date for approval, on December 14th. Along with the homologation, according to Kátia, the MEC will present the references that will serve as a guide for the teaching networks to implement the training itineraries.
States, which have the most high school enrollments, will have one year to schedule the implementation of the BNCC and one year to implement it, that is, the document should arrive in practice, in schools, by 2020. After implementation, the document will be reviewed in three years, in 2023.
Textbooks, teacher training and the National Secondary Education Examination (Enem) will still have to be adapted to the new secondary education. The information is from Agência Brasil.
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