O Beefalo is a hybrid creation resulting from the crossing between cattle common (Bos taurus) and the American bison (bison bison).
This arose from the need to develop a type of cattle that combined the milking capacity and ease of handling of domestic cows with the robustness and quality of bison meat.
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The original idea was conceived by American cattle rancher and conservationist Charles “Buffalo” Jones. He was the first ranger of Yellowstone National Park, and began this breeding process in 1906.
The motivation arose from concern about the preservation of the iconic bison, which at that time were facing the imminent risk of extinction, due to rampant commercial hunting and the degradation of their natural habitats.
The first results of the experiment generated an animal called “cattalo”, and the cattle used for these crosses were predominantly composed of European breeds, such as Charolais, Hereford and Angus.
At that initial stage, the males of the new species were infertile, since the proportion of bison blood in the offspring needed to be reduced, as recommended by veterinarians and zootechnists.
(Image: American Beefalo Association/Reproduction)
Today, the Beefalo is an animal that combines the closest appearance to an ox, the result of genetic adaptations, with numerous characteristics inherited from the bison.
Suitability includes a blood grade of 3/8 American bison and 5/8 European cattle, making it a full hybrid.
The animals display notable attributes, such as the ability to graze and the preference for mating after reaching sexual maturity at 14 months, as expected by researchers.
This species stands out for its rapid weight gain, becoming ready for slaughter or meat production at two years of age.
Their high fertility, reduced birth interval and longevity are other qualities that make Beefalos a valuable choice in livestock farming.
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