Time travel is a fascinating concept that sparks our imagination. We wonder if it is possible to escape the temporal flow and wander through it as we please.
In fact, this issue of temporal flow was a great inspiration for Albert Einstein, as he developed his theories from this.
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In 1905, the physicist theorized special relativity, establishing that time passes more slowly for fast-moving objects. Understand more about this below and stay up to date with what is known, scientifically speaking, about time travel!
The search for an answer about time travel leads us to consider the remarkable work of Einstein at the beginning of the last century, with his Theory of Relativity.
In 1905, Einstein presented the restricted part of his theory, known as Special Relativity, which established one of the fundamental principles of modern physics.
About ten years later he expanded this theory, giving rise to General Relativity. This, in turn, describes the relationship between space and time for objects that move at constant speeds in linear trajectories.
The theory, although apparently simple, is based on the idea that everything is relative, and there is no “absolute” frame of reference.
Furthermore, it postulates that the speed of light is constant and represents an upper limit in nature. From these apparently simple principles, the possibility of concrete and measurable time travel emerges.
According to Special Relativity, an observer moving at high speeds experiences time more slowly compared to an observer at rest.
In other words, the faster you move, the slower time passes. Although the acceleration of macroscopic objects to the speed of light is impossible, scientific experiments have already demonstrated the validity of this theory.
A classic experiment involves two perfectly synchronized clocks set to tell the same time. While one remains stationary on the ground, the other is placed in a plane that follows the planet's rotation path.
Clock experiment (Image: Lumen Learning/Reproduction)
After the plane circles the globe, the scientists compare the two items and notice that the clock on the plane, traveling at high speeds, it is slightly behind the clock that remained on the surface terrestrial.
This confirms that the clock on the plane experienced a passage of time slower than the standard rate of one second per second. It also means that if you want to quickly travel through time, the answer is to speed up.
Traveling to the future is theoretically possible with the right technology. However, going back to the past is the real challenge, requiring Einstein's complex theory of General Relativity.
This theory explores the relationship between space, time, matter and energy, highlighting how massive objects deform space-time, slowing down time.
Solutions in General Relativity suggest that wormholes, known as Einstein-Rosen bridges, could connect different universes or regions.
Thus, the manipulation of these structures could, theoretically, allow time travel, including to the past.
Illustration of a wormhole. (Image: Getty Images/Reproduction)
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