A sporotrichosis has presented a worrying progress in several states in Brazil and records cases in neighboring countries, including Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Chile.
Classified as a zoonosis, the disease remains out of control, as warned by infectologist Flávio Telles, coordinator of the Cyclology Committee of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases (SBI) and professor at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR).
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Sporotrichosis is caused by the fungus Sporothrix brasiliensis, found in nature, often in organic materials such as thorns, splinters, twigs, plants, soil, straw and wood.
For the Contamination, there must be direct contact with these materials and then an injury that facilitates the penetration of the microorganism into the skin.
Once infected, the host of the fungus develops reddish skin lesions similar to pimples that have erupted. In addition, symptoms such as itching, redness, burning, purulence and local pain are observed.
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It is important to note that dogs and cats can also develop sporotrichosis, but only felines have the ability to transmit the disease. disease to humans, through scratches, bites or, in rarer cases, via droplets of sneeze.
In addition to Sporothrix brasiliensis, another causative agent of sporotrichosis is Sporothrix schenckii, located in plants, straw, vegetable fragments and fibers, affecting farmers and other rural workers.
According to Telles, in Brazil, 90% of cases are attributed to Sporothrix brasiliensis, whose main transmission route is felines.
Sporotrichosis was already attracting the attention of the scientific community due to the significant increase in cases registered in Brazil.
In 10 years, there was an impressive 162% increase in the contamination rate in the state of Rio de Janeiro, with the number of cases rising from 579 in 2013 to 1,518 last year, according to data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan).
Cases among children under 15 also showed a dramatic increase, from 26 in 2013 to 196 in 2022, representing a growth of 653%.
This upward trend in numbers had already been observed in other states, such as São Paulo and Minas Gerais, since the end of May.
For all these reasons, the ideal is to avoid contact with street and wild cats, in addition to being careful when dealing with domestic cats on a daily basis. Furthermore, observing the vaccination coverage of domestic animals is essential to avoid infections like this.
When you notice the first symptoms of sporotrichosis, the ideal is to seek emergency help as soon as possible.
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