Text interpretation, aimed at 9th grade students, allows the development of diverse reading skills. The above text asksHow long do we resist without eating or drinking?
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There are records of people who endured up to 200 days without eating, but this time always varies according to height. Without water, however, resistance is much lower and health becomes quite serious after about 36 hours. Going without food for a day or two usually does not cause problems that can seriously affect the person. This situation doesn't usually cause more than dizziness and headache. "Fasting is not intended to be used routinely from a medical point of view, but it has been practiced since Antiquity as a religious precept for the purification of the spirit”, says endocrinologist Danilo Alvarenga de Carvalho. When done without medical control, however, fasting can pose serious health risks, including death. Without food intake, the body begins to burn its energy reserves, especially fats.
After them, it consumes the proteins that make up the tissues. Going without food for a long time also causes several metabolic and hormonal changes, with loss of vitamins and minerals, changes in blood pressure, fainting and problems psychological. But the lack of water is much more serious. A man of average height contains approximately 40 liters of water in his body, which is needed to cool the body.
In addition, water transports toxic substances left over from nutrition to be eliminated by the kidneys and intestines. In a healthy person, there is a balance between the amount of fluid ingested and expelled. Losing that balance in a few days is enough to kill.
“Special Super Interesting: Strange World”, August 2001.
Question 1 - Identify the passage that presents the main idea of the text:
a) "There are records of people who endured up to 200 days without eating [...]"
b) "Going without eating for a day or two usually doesn't cause problems [...]"
c) “[…] fasting can entail serious health risks, including leading to death.”
d) “In a healthy person, there is a balance between the amount of fluid ingested […]”
Question 2 - According to the text, “the lack of water is much more serious”. Explain:
Question 3 - In all alternatives, the most serious problems arising from prolonged fasting of food are presented, except in:
a) “dizziness and headache”.
b) “loss of vitamins and minerals”.
c) “changes in blood pressure”.
d) “fainting and psychological problems”.
Question 4 – In “After from them, consumes the proteins […].”, the highlighted pronoun replaces:
a) dizziness and headache.
b) energy reserves.
c) fats.
d) toxic substances.
Question 5 - In the segment "When done without medical supervision, however, fasting can entail serious health risks [...]", the underlined term could be replaced by:
a) therefore
b) however
c) because
d) how
Question 6 – In the "Furthermore, water transports toxic substances left over from nutrition […].”, the underlined expression establishes a relationship of:
a) continuity
b) comparison
c) conclusion
d) opposition
Question 7 – In the excerpt “Going without food for a long time also causes several metabolic and hormonal changes, with loss of vitamins and minerals, changes in blood pressure, fainting and psychological problems.”, the commas indicate:
a) the inversion of the order of constituents of the period.
b) the omission of terms from the clause.
c) the insertion of explanatory clauses.
d) the enumeration of elements.
Question 8 – Justify the use of quotation marks in the text:
By Denyse Lage Fonseca
Graduated in Languages and specialist in distance education.
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