Handball: history, technical fundamentals, rules and positions

O handball is a sport whose objective is to score goals with the hands, and only the goalkeeper is allowed to manipulate the ball with his feet, without ever leaving his area during the game. In the game, the ball is moved with the players' hands and disputed through passes, until it is possible to launch it against the opponent's goal.

Each player can only take three steps. with the ball in his hands, having to throw it or throw it towards the goal.

In a handball game, each. The team has seven players, who play two halves of half an hour each. It is a. sport that requires great muscular and cardiovascular conditioning, with high. caloric expenditure.

history of handball

There are several reports that refer to. origin of handball, from a sport practiced in Ancient Greece and Rome, which. used a small ball that was played with the hands. There are also reports. of a game with the same characteristics as handball being played in France. in the 16th century.

Despite these ancient reports, it is considered, in modern times, that handball officially appeared in 1919, believed. by the German professor Karl Schelenz, who even renamed the modality with the. Handball name.

At this time, the sport became popular and. it was played on open fields, such as football, by two teams formed by. eleven players each. About five years later, the sport began to be. played in closed courts, due to low European temperatures, and the. number of players was changed to seven per team.

In 1936, handball became a sport. the Berlin Olympic Games; as early as 1946, the International Federation was founded. Handball, responsible for organizing women's world tournaments e. male.

Technical Fundamentals of Handball

The main movements e. techniques practiced in handball games are:

• Reception, which is the mode. correct to receive the ball;
• Pitch, which is the way. correct to throw the ball against the opponent's goal;
• Pass, which is the correct way. to pass the ball to a player on the same team;
• Feint, which is a maneuver that. aims to deceive the opponent, indicating false moves;
• Dribble, which is the correct way. to make the ball bounce on the ground;
• Handle, which is the mode. correct to hold the ball with your hands.

How is a handball game played

In a handball game, players aim to score goals in the opposing team through passes and maneuvers with their hands.

Each team is positioned on one side of the court, and organized. according to the roles of the players, which can be attacking, defending, marking or goalkeepers.

Handball teams can consist of up to sixteen. players, with seven players taking the field and eleven being placed on the. reserve, and can be scheduled to play throughout the match.

The game is won by the team that scores the most goals in the match, after two periods of thirty minutes are played, separated by an interval of. ten minutes.

In case of a tie and need to declare one. winner, the game may be extended by two periods of five minutes. each, separated by an interval of one minute.

The ball used in a handball game is made from. synthetic polymers or leather, and their size and weight depend on the category. of team dispute.

In the female modality, the circumference of the ball has. circumference from 54 to 56 centimeters and weight from 525 to 375 grams. Already in. male sport, the circumference of the ball has a circumference of 58 to 60. centimeters and weight from 425 to 475 grams.

A handball court consists of a structure. rectangular 40 meters long and 20 meters wide. The court is. divided into a central playing area and two goal areas at the ends.

The firing line is a dashed region located at three. meters from the goal area.

The seven meter line is a region located at seven. meters from the goal area, in which the maximum penalties are charged.

Official handball matches are accompanied by two. referees, a secretary and a timekeeper. These professionals are. responsible for scoring goals, fouls and the timing of the match.

During the game, it is forbidden for a player to take the ball. from another player. It is also prohibited to play the ball below one's knees. opposing player. When a team commits a foul like those mentioned. previously, the opposing team gains the right to a free throw, that is. performed at the location of the fault/infringement.

Rules. of handball

• A player can walk up. three steps when one is in possession of the ball, having to throw it to another. player after these steps;
• One player can remain. with ball in hand for just three seconds;
• A line player cannot. touch the ball with his feet, only the goalkeeper can do that;
• After holding the ball with the. two hands, the player is required to pass or throw it;
• A player cannot exchange a. hand ball;
• The goalkeeper cannot leave the. area with the ball; it can just leave its goal area without possession of the ball;
• A player cannot push. or assaulting other players. These attitudes are considered faults and can be. punished with yellow and red cards;
• Each yellow card is one. Warning, if a player receives three yellow cards in a match, he is. disqualified;
• Each red card makes with. the player is sent off, and his team is left with one player less by two. minutes of game play.

Positions of handball players

The main positions of. handball players are:

• Central shipowner, who commands. the team's attacks from the center of the court, through passes and plays;
• Half guard, that is. responsible for throwing the ball with force and arming the attacks;
• Tip, who is responsible for. quick throws and shots at tight angles;
• Pivot, who is responsible for breaking the opponent's defense.

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