THE Faraday's law it is fundamental to understanding electromagnetism and shows how a magnetic flux behaves.
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THE Faraday's law or law of electromagnetic induction shows that when through a circuit, there is variation in the magnetic flux, an induced electromotive form will appear.
Who studied this law was the chemist and physicist Michael Faraday in 1831. This law, which bears his name, was essential for the creation of the dynamo and its use in large-scale electricity production.
In plants where electrical energy is generated, it is the mechanical energy that produces the variation in the magnetic flux. And it is with this variation that the induced current appears in the generator.
The mathematical formula for the calculation was created by physicist Franz Ernst Neumann where the induced electromotive force (emf) (V) + magnetic flux variation (Wb) + time interval (s) are calculated.
See too: Electric power
Based on the studies of the Faraday's law, in 1864, the physicist and mathematician James Clerk Maxwell, unified all the electrical and magnetic phenomena that established important connections between the theories of the time.
Maxwell managed to demonstrate with this new theory that all magnetic and electrical phenomena could be described in just four seasons. The study that proved this is called the Maxwell equation.
This equation is the Faraday's law widespread. It has the description of how the variation of a magnetic field in time, through a circuit at rest, produces a non-electrostatic electric field.
Field that in turn produces an electrical current in the circuit.
The relative motion between a magnet, the conduit, and the production, or not, of an electric field in this particular experiment led to an apparent dichotomy.
This played a fundamental role in the development of the study of special relativity made by Albert Einstein in 1905.
It is true that these basic equations for electromagnetism are fundamental to basic mechanics.
Via Faraday's law the value of induced emf in a circuit can be determined. And with that, it is possible to find the intensity of the induced current.
It is necessary to know that the induced current has different directions, depending on the variation of the magnetic flux.
Physicist Heinrich Lenz, in 1934, based on Faraday's studies, presented a rule for defining the direction of the induced current.
It was already known that electric current tends to create a magnetic field around it and this also happens with induced current.
Heinrich Lenz saw that the direction of this field will always depend on an increase or decrease in magnetic flux.
Lenz's law states that the direction of the magnetic field that is produced by the induced current is contrary to the variation of the magnetic flux.
When the magnetic flux increases, an induced current will appear in the circuit, creating an induced magnetic field in the opposite direction, that is, opposite to the circuit's magnetic field.
Ampère's law was studied by chemist and physicist Hans Cristian Oersted, his researches proved the existence of a magnetic field around a wire when there is current activity in it electric.
Hans made this discovery but the scientist and mathematician André Marie Ampère, who was later called Ampère's law, created the calculus of this field.
This law establishes the magnetic field generated by a straight conductor traversed by an electric current of intensity i at a distance (R) from the conductor.
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