THE histology is the study of tissues, histo comes from tissue and logos from study and theory, this science studies the tissues of the human body and how they organize themselves to constitute the organs, in the biological area, plants and animals are also studied, the studies direct to their structure, composition and function of tissues alive.
Index
The Human Body is made up of tissues that can be classified into: epithelial, connective, muscular tissue and finally nervous tissue, these tissues are also present in animals, vertebrates such as (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals) are part of this jail.
The main function of this tissue is to prevent dryness and water loss, as it works as a kind of barrier that blocks infectious agents, this happens because the tissue has in its composition of cells close, that is, there is an absence of spaces between them, forming this protective barrier, in addition to protecting against chemical substances, physical aggressions, and micro- organisms. Epithelial tissue is also known for its great cell renewal.
This tissue covers important areas of the body, externally (epidermis and cornea) and internal surface of organs, organs called hollow, such as (ear, nose, lung, uterus, mouth, among others)
The epithelial is essential for the human body as it is also responsible for forming important glands such as liver, glands, pancreas, etc.
Connective tissue, as the name implies, is a connecting tissue that acts directly on the support and filling of the body's structures. Unlike the Epithelial Tissue, which in its structure the cells are extremely close together, the connective tissue cells are separated, there is a space between them, another important difference, is that it does not produce as much cell renewal as the Epithelial tissue, being a good amount. low.
The main function of connective tissue is in the organ region, its function is to separate and unite at the same time, the tissue has the capacity also to make the cells take their nutrients and put the waste through the interstitial fluid that is produced by the same.
It is mandatory that below the Epithelial Tissue, there is the Connective Tissue, this enables the functioning of its functions satisfactorily.
Connective tissue can be called by materials and cell types, each with its function: Connective Tissue (Loose or Dense), Hematopoietic Tissue, Cartilaginous Tissue, Adipose Tissue, and by last, bone tissue, which will be covered in the next article.
As we have seen, connective tissue is very rich in important cells for the human body, we can mention adipocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages.
Many wonder how the contraction of the muscles is done, now is the time for the answer, this contraction happens through specific cells for this function, enabling movement, heat production, and static and dynamic postural maintenance, this happens due to the presence of Actin and Myosin.
Another important point to highlight is that, unlike the tissues mentioned above, muscle tissue does not produce cell renewal, this tissue is also delineated by Smooth, Cardiac Striatum and Skeletal.
The cells present in this tissue are neurons, formed by nerve cells, in addition to these cells, there are also protective and support cells, called neuroglia, strange little word, it is not? It is also formed by the glial cell. Furthermore, it does not have cell renewal, like muscle tissue.
The following image represents an example of nervous tissue:
Neuron: Core of 3 very important cells, dendrites, cell body, axon
Glia Cell: Small cells, of great quantity, located around the neurons, have the function of nourishing, sustaining, and mainly protecting it.
See too: Phagocytosis
Plant histology differs a little from human and animal studies, it studies plant tissues, these tissues are cells, cells that have the same function in the tissue, that is, they are similar cells, these cells form leaves, roots, stems and others functions. Tissues in their conjuncture can be subdivided into: Meristematic tissues or meristems and adult tissues.
The primary meristematic tissue, has the function of forming tissues and plant organs in the embryo, building the stem and root through the apical meristem, this meristem it develops the growth and development of the plant, when this happens it deepens into the soil, this deepening needs protection, this protection comes from the coif.
Secondary meristematic tissues have a function due to their thickness in their growth, this tissue has in its structure a cell already mature that return to the initial state, that is, the embryo, to regain division, this process is called dedifferentiation. cell
Adult histology, on the other hand, has the function of maintaining cells in different shapes and functions, called permanent tissues.
Unlike animals, which run and hide to defend themselves from external aggressions, plants do not have this defense, they are defend from protective coatings, such as the epidermis and the suberum, both form a protective barrier against agents aggressive.
In addition to these mentioned coatings, there are others that have great functions, such as the stomata, which has the function of exchanging gases and water, between plants and leaves, Trichomas, protects against the loss of liquid from plants that are located in hot regions, with high temperatures, Accules, protect plants against external agents, eg predators, Hidathodes, protects against excess plant liquid, unlike the Trichomes, and the colenchyma, is a tissue responsible for sustaining the vegetable, for this fact, it can be compared to the cartilage that is present in animals, because of the support of the vegetable, its main function, and the parenchyma, which produces photosynthesis, in addition to other tissues that are worth studying.
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