Sensory System: what it is, senses, characteristics and activities

O Sensory System or sensory nervous system is a system that processes information through specialized exteroceptive cells of the our body that captures both external and internal sensations, found in the organs responsible for taste, smell, hearing, eyesight.

Sensory System Characteristics

The sensory system can be captured so much by animals and so much by us human beings. The sense organs are organs that capture external stimuli and transform them into nerve impulses, these nerve impulses enable animals and humans to adapt and live in the environment they are situated.

The sensory system, as mentioned, is part of the central nervous system, responsible for receiving and identifying data from Organs sensory organs and transforming it into stimuli for living beings can understand, process the incoming information, this data is captured by receivers, which can be divided into 2 elements: External receivers and receivers:

External receivers: They are responsible for capturing stimuli from the environment, from the outside of the body of living beings,

Interreceptors: They are responsible for establishing the balance of living beings, especially in humans, such as movements,

Division of external mechanisms

They are mechanoreceptors, photoreceptors, chemoreceptors, and thermoreceptors, each presents specific functions in the sensory system, capturing specific data from the organism of beings alive

Mechanoreceptors: In its structure there are nerve endings that are located at the base of the skin, they are connected to touch, vibrations in the auditory system, that is, in the ear in its internal structure, it is very common also to happen towards the skin, which is the tact.

Photoreceptors: They are present in the retina, in the eye globule, it is responsible for capturing nuclei that are cells specialized in uptake and also for receiving luminous information, included in the sense of eyesight

Chemoreceptors: It is located on the tongue and nose, two senses that relate to the chemical absorption of the environment, such as taste and smell.

Thermoreceptors: They are also inserted in the sense of touch, both on the skin and on the tongue, functions to know if the food is very hot, cold, is formed by structures of receptors to measure high temperatures and low,

Sense of the sensory system

The sensory senses are hearing, smell, touch and taste, they are concentrated in 5 special organs,

EYESIGHT: It is our eyes, this organ allows us living beings to have the opportunity to see the various means of environment in which we are located, in the smallest details, vision has the ability to capture a series of colors from a single turn. It is centered on the bone cavity, and has corneas, crystalline substances and eyeballs, factors that make it possible to capture various images and everyday scenes.

HEARING: Ear, divided into internal, middle, external, we can capture sound through the auricle and the ear canal and, in addition, it allows the balance of the body, it also guarantees the state of attention at all times, such as in traffic, during an exercise, a school or work task, that is, it is practically the movement of the life

SMELL: Nose, both external and internal region (canals, nasal cavity) is through it that we can distinguish odors, whether good or bad, it is extremely adaptable, a very curiosity interesting is that insects, unlike humans, use antennas to capture smells, and there are also other animals that use other parts of the body to sense the smell. The Smell, in addition to feeling different types of smells, is of great importance in the weaving of survival and attention, animals they smell the predators, so they can escape, we human beings smell fire, smell gas, avoiding accidents.

TACT: Represented by the largest human organ, the skin, it is not found in a specific region of the body, it can be felt in various places on the skin that is full of nerve endings. stimuli that can be thermal, mechanical or even painful, and allows people who have lost their vision, through touch to recognize words with relief, texture, called pounds.

TASTE: Located in Tongue, this is certainly the most pleasurable sense of all, as it makes it possible to taste tasty and others not so tasty, this taste that is felt when we eat happens through the taste buds that recognize the taste of the food.

See too: Locomotor System

CURIOSITIES

• Do you know when we are sleeping and have that feeling that we are falling out of bed? The brain can't process information, it receives the wrong information and ends up feeling like we're falling apart,
• When we lose some of our senses, such as vision, another sense will occupy a prominent position in the system, it becomes super powerful, helping in the absence of that sense
• Does smell know those unpleasant smells? When we think that the smell has disappeared it is a mistake, as the nose receives countless amounts of chemical information that stops absorbing this information, that is, we sort of adapt to the smell,
• Sixth sense: Do you know when our mother has that feeling that something bad is going to happen? So, some people have the most acute sensitivity, they end up having perceptions that have not yet been proven.

Suggested Activity on the Sensory System

As we have seen, the sensory system is a fabulous system that allows you to feel, hear, see the beauty of everyday life, tasting several tasty things, in view of that it can be a very fun and interactive activity using the 5 senses.

Activity: This activity is interesting to carry out with children up to 7 years of age, this age is a period in which they are in the phase called sense perception. It can be held in the classroom itself, with a table as the main object, this table can be large for distribution and better separation of objects, with a more interesting interaction between children (Recommended) or on small tables, towels, anyway.

Activity process: You will need specific materials for each sense, it is interesting to write each sense on a small board and distribute it on the table, in the sense of taste it is interesting to include foods with salty, sweet and sour content, allowing children to recognize each taste and differentiate each one of them, even putting an eye streak for better experience. On the other hand, it can include soft objects, such as plasticine, natural sponges, clay, leaves, balloons with water and even objects to be identified through touch, with the eyes also blindfolded, with the guidance and the best didactics of the teacher. In the listening part, it is interesting to put music with calm or even more agitated content to identify the function of differentiating the sounds, they can include bells, tambourines, guitar, and vision can be something more dynamic, such as looking at pictures, color images, animals, colors, 7-error games.

Objective: Interaction and knowledge of each sense, this sense during the activity can be used more than one, being a point of very important, because the child learns that these sensory feelings most of the time or almost always work in a joint.

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