Capoeira can be characterized as one. Brazilian cultural movement, composed of elements such as martial art, dance, music, sports, popular culture and religion.
The spread of capoeira. occurred, historically, and still occurs, orally and artistically, on streets and. martial arts centers, as well as in the social and family relationships that oneself. form among practitioners, students and teachers.
One of the most features. What is remarkable in capoeira is the presence of characteristic music, elegant, fast movements and choreographic characteristics. The movements prioritize the use of. lower limbs in relation to the upper limbs.
The main musical instrument used in capoeira is the berimbau, which sets the pace of the game and the movements of the participants.
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The word capoeira. means “what was the forest”, or “the forest. that is born after deforestation” and refers to regions of shallow interior forests. characteristics of Brazil, which were inhabited by indigenous people who cultivated. these lands and where capoeiristas played, close to the ground, not to be. discovered by the bush captains.
Capoeira emerged in Brazil from slaves. Africans, who sought a form of resistance against abuse and violence. suffered. It was a way for the slaves to physically defend themselves and maintain. its African cultural identity.
The practice of capoeira was consolidated. in Quilombo dos Palmares, starting to be considered as a practice. violent and prohibited.
Over time, the slaves disguised a. capoeira by introducing in practice elements such as music, dance and mime.
This was necessary due to the strong repression of the. Imperial Police and Republican Militia to capoeira practices.
Until 1930, practicing capoeira was prohibited in Brazil. until Mestre Bimba presented himself with his students to the then president. Getúlio Vargas, who decided to turn it into a national sport. Already in 2014, a. capoeira was considered Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by. Unesco.
Originally, capoeira was a martial art. practiced close to the ground, as opposed to capoeira practiced in the Southeast, which. features acrobatic movements and sporting rules, restricting the practice of Angolan capoeira to the ghettos of Bahia.
Nowadays, it is very common to refer to. practice capoeira as a game or a roda, as it moves only. simulate attacks, defenses and dodges between participants. So the goal. of this game is to show to be superior to the opponent in parameters such as strength, skill and swing.
The two main styles of capoeira are Angola and Regional.
The origin of this style is little known, as it refers. to Brazilian slaves, with little documentation about it. However, it is believed that this style was already practiced in slave quarters, as a mixture of. dance and fight.
Its main features are the movements. close to the ground, moving slowly and requiring great strength and balance.
In an Angolan-style game, you start with one. music that refers to some history, played with berimbaus, tambourines and. drums.
The regional style emerged approximately in 1928, through Manoel dos Reis Machado, better known as Mestre Bimba; at the. at the beginning, it was called Luta Regional Baiana.
This style is a combination of Angolan capoeira. with a form of wrestling called Batuque. So the style if. transformed with faster movements and with movements performed while standing.
Mestre Bimba developed a didactic sequence of. movements and a code of conduct that prioritized hygiene, the use of clothes. and a grading system for practitioners, which today uses ropes. colored.
The rhythm of the songs was also modified, creating. ringtones for more aggressive games, slower or exclusive for games. graduate practitioners.
One of the main features of. capoeira as a martial art is the use of music during games. The music. capoeirista is played with instruments such as the berimbau, tambourines and atabaques, as well as clapping and chanting from people watching the game around the. participants.
The rhythm of the music determines the rhythm and the. style of the game that will be played by the participants. The rhythm played can. range from very slow to very fast.
The game ends when the berimbau player, who. is usually an experienced capoeirista, gives the command or for another pair. start a duel.
The graduation of capoeira students is carried out. through the use of colored ropes attached to the players' waists.
Ginga, which is the basic movement that guides e. dictates the pace of the game. Ginga depends on the style of play in capoeira, and it is the. movement that happens when the capoeirista throws his right hand forward. at the same time you throw your left leg back, repeating this movement. to both sides, repeatedly and continuously;
Blessing, which is a type of scam whose objective is. surprise the opponent. This movement is performed when the capoeirista. simulates a kick with the bottom of the foot and then rotates the body 360°, confusing the other player;
Half moon, which is a difficult move. execution as it is very elaborate. This blow is performed with a twist of the body. in 360°, followed by a kick with the shin. By performing this. movement, the capoeirista must keep both hands on the ground;
Headbutt, which is a move. performed with the head of the capoeirista, and is characterized by strength, a. agility and the power to destabilize the opponent;
Negative, which is a defensive play in which the. player dodges the opponent. It's not exactly a coup, but a move. defense that prevents attacks coming from the opponent;
Rasteira, which is a movement performed with the. aim to unbalance the opponent. To trip, the player passes. the leg behind the opponent's supporting leg, unbalancing him e. knocking it down. This move is similar to sweeping the opponent's leg, e. is performed quickly to surprise the opponent;
Stingray's tail, which is a movement performed in the air, followed by a heel strike. This is one of the most difficult moves and. elaborated capoeira and is generally performed only by most capoeiristas. experienced;
Pisão, which is an attack blow, whose movement is performed with the foot, which kicks the opponent, quickly and firmly.
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