In the United States, despite the fact that the birth rate is falling, the size of houses is becoming bigger and bigger. The change seems to prevent people are able to keep all their possessions, which ends up promoting accumulations. The demand for houses with large closets, for example, has grown with each passing day.
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There are also many people who turn bedrooms into large closets or storage rooms for things. According to some consulted sources, about 10% of Americans rent storage units to solve the space problem. So it is possible to say that the line between healthy and pathological buying behavior is very tenuous, if you take these points into account.
Psychologists now face the issue of differentiating hoarders from collectors, as this is a problem that affects about 30% of adults. In London, they conducted studies with a few different methods. We interviewed 29 participants with a Hoarding Disorder and another 20 people who call themselves hoarders. During the analysis, the researchers were able to notice some differences between them.
1. selectivity
It was possible to observe that collectors are focused on a specific type of object while hoarders collected and kept different things. Collectors grouped six types of objects while others collected an average of 15.
2. Planning
Those who cherished a collection carefully thought and organized all items. Hoarders did not plan or arrange objects. It didn't matter exactly where they ended up.
3. excessive acquisition
Hoarders buy or hold twice as many items as collectors do, despite both struggling with overacquisition of objects and things. However, it was possible to see that collectors delimit a space for collections. Others let it pile up all over the house for years.
4. Disorder
Collectors carefully organize what has been acquired, but not hoarders! Which results in disorder and even damage to them.
5. Anguish
Some reported enjoying this process of collecting, searching and buying objects. Others admitted to feelings of distress and disarray. The only caveat is that some collectors have also pointed out a certain anguish that comes from other sources, such as the unhappiness of the partner they live with.
6. social disability
Accumulators have a lot of prejudice and social deficiency in relation to collectors. For them, the loss is small. Something that can be observed during the tests is that collectors were married and hoarders were single.
7. occupational disability
Collectors display a high level of work commitment. The others don't.
8. Motivations for collecting
Those who hoard are more likely to collect than the collectors themselves, as they believed that certain items would be useful for the future and because of compulsive shopping as well.
9. Motivations for saving objects
Both groups have problems throwing objects away, but it was seen that collectors were more willing to do so, as they did not want to create waste. It was also noticed that there were some similarities in the motivations, as is the case of thinking that the item would be valuable in some way later on or else that it was part of your personality or identity.
10. Identification as collector
Half of the collectors identified themselves as collectors while all hoarders claimed to be collectors.
11. Other psychiatric conditions
In this case, although very common in both groups, more hoarders had Axis 1 Disorder than hoarders.
12. Demography
Finally, it was observed that those who collect are more educated and maintain houses that are larger than those of hoarders. Past research has found that hoarders tend to have a income lower compared to collectors.
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