Research by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, show that only 54.6% of women are able to reconciling motherhood and the job market in 2021. In the case of men, the percentage jumps to approximately 90%. The survey also reveals that women typically choose to put professional development aside to care for their children.
In this way, it is evident that the responsibility for the upbringing and development of children is still a very feminine task.
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The IBGE survey also brings other relevant data on the subject. For women who do not have children, only 67.2% of them have jobs, while the percentage of men with a formal contract and without children is 83.4%. Including, 35% of women prefer not to have children or are afraid of getting pregnant, due to fear of losing their own job, due to the supposed burden attributed to maternity leave.
The practice of dismissing a pregnant woman due to her condition is illegal in Brazil, as determined by the Consolidation of Labor Laws. Thus, it is not uncommon to see men being hired for a position instead of women, so that the exclusion criterion happens first.
However, due to the role of provider assigned to men in society, the number of hired men with children is greater than that of men without children, whether single or not.
However, surveys also indicate that 48% of Brazilian households are headed by women. Thus, this situation demonstrates how the burden of caring for and maintaining children is still female in Brazil.
Educational levels also affect women differently
When the analysis of motherhood and the labor market is restricted to women only, it is observed that the level of education affects mothers in different ways.
For example, among women who are mothers and have higher education, the drop in the employment rate drops to 35%, 12 months after the start of maternity leave. For women with a lower level of education, the percentage reaches 51%.
However, after 2 years of the birth of children, 50% of women on maternity leave left from work or changed positions, a situation that remains up to 4 years after the birth of the child.