If you've never gotten dirty using the ketchup tube, throw the first stone! The difficulty can be on several levels to remove the product, even when there is little left and you need to remove the last drops. Science is fully ready to help you avoid stains on clothes.
Callum Cuttle, from the University of Oxford, at the meeting of the American Physical Society, shot the scientific position on the dirt that the tube can cause:
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"It's irritating, potentially embarrassing and can ruin clothes, but can we do anything about it?" and added: "And, more importantly, can understanding this phenomenon help us with any other problems in life?"
The researcher pointed out that the answer to both questions is yes. Together with fellow Oxford research fellow Chris MacMinn, he conducted several experiments so that they could identify what were the forces called into question when a person squeezes ketchup in order to develop a theoretical model about the splash.
Research found:
Isaac Newton identified as “ideal liquid” the viscosity that can be well-defined and will not depend directly on the forces that can be exerted on the product.
However, not all products are considered ideal for such a feat, because in the flowing liquid for Newton, like ketchup, viscosity is not defined and will vary with pressure carried out.
Physics points to a “shear force”, like a glass of water, which also produces force of force. shear, and the water is deformed so that it can leave the glass, but still the viscosity is not changed.
The scientists discovered that there is a limit for the sauce not to cause dirt and it will depend directly on the air factors, nozzle diameter and the compression rate of the tube.
When it is below the limit, the driving force and liquid output are in balance, causing smooth flow. Above the limit, the driving force decreases quickly and outflow happens easily. The air is compressed in the tube and the ketchup can easily come out.
“The splash from a ketchup bottle can go to a minimum: squeezing a little too hard will produce a splash instead of a steady stream of liquid,” pointed out scientist Cuttle.
The tip is to squeeze the tube slowly, and thus the air rate is compressed, making the liquid come out easily.
"It's common sense, but there is now a rigorous mathematical framework to support it," pointed out Cuttle and concluded, “and a gas pushing a liquid out of the way is something that happens in many other contexts”.
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