To the ecological relations can occur between individuals of the same species and between individuals of species many different.
Interactions that occur between individuals of the same species are called intraspecific, while those between different species are called interspecific.
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We prepared a list of exercises on interspecific ecological relationships so that you can test your knowledge on this topic.
You can consult the template or save this list of exercises in PDF at the end of the post!
1) (UECE) Consider the statement below:
“Mycorrhiza is an association between certain fungi present in the soil and on the roots of plants. In this relationship, the vegetable provides organic matter for the survival of the fungi and these absorb mineral nutrients and water, transferring them to the roots of the plant”.
We are referring to an example of:
a) mutualism.
b) commensalism.
c) inquilinism.
d) protocooperation.
2) It is common to observe bromeliads and orchids on the trees trying to find a place to live and light for their survival. These plants carry out an ecological relationship with the trees called:
a) mutualism.
b) protocooperation.
c) inquilinism.
d) parasitism.
e) herbivory.
3) (UFSM) Those who practice sports often do not evaluate the technological advances they carry in their “work uniform”. In shoes like sneakers, care is taken with the use of perspiration-reducing materials. Everything to prevent mycoses, usually caused by fungi that take advantage of the heat and humidity of the feet to gain shelter and “taste” the keratin of the nails, skin and hair. “Saúde” Magazine, January 2002, p. 105-adapted.
The fungi that cause mycoses, when seeking shelter and food in the feet of athletes, causing damage to the organism, exert a type of association known as:
a) mutualism.
b) inquilinism.
c) parasitism.
d) commensalism.
e) predation.
4) Facultative mutualism, also called protocooperation, is an ecological relationship in which individuals of different species interact and both benefit from the interaction. However, in this type of relationship, one species can live in isolation from the other. Among the following examples, mark the alternative that indicates an example of facultative mutualism.
a) Bromeliads and tall trees.
b) Hermit crab and sea anemone.
c) Dog and tick.
d) Fungi and algae (lichens).
e) Lion and zebra.
5) (UFLA) There are environmental changes (such as cultivation practices) that result in the loss of nutrients (substances responsible for plant nutrition) in the soil. This loss is reduced by planting legumes that help fix nitrogen in the soil. What kind of interaction between species is involved in this relationship?
a) Mutualism.
b) Competition.
c) Predation.
d) Parasitism.
e) Amensalism.
6) (CESGRANRIO) If two different species occupy the same ecological niche in the same ecosystem, it is likely that:
a) a harmonious relationship is established between them.
b) an interspecific competition is established.
c) intraspecific competition is established.
d) one of the species is a producer and the other is a consumer.
e) one of the species occupies a high trophic level.
7) (UNAMA) The local cases of human rabies in Pará occur, basically, by transmission of hematophagous bats, which transmit the causative agents of the disease to humans. The situation that exists between these beings and man is a typical example of a relationship:
a) interspecific type of predation.
b) interspecific parasitism type.
c) intraspecific of the cannibalism type.
d) competition type intraspecific.
8) (UNIFESP) Rafflesia is an Asian plant that does not have chlorophyll and has the largest known flower, reaching 1.5 meters in diameter. The stem and root, however, are very small and are hidden inside another plant where the rafflesia settles, absorbing the water and nutrients it needs. When its flowers open, they exude a strong odor of decaying flesh, which attracts many flies in search of food. The flies, upon detecting the deception, leave the flower, but soon land on another, transporting and depositing the pollen grains brought from the first flower on the stigma of the latter. The text describes two biological interactions and a process, which can be identified, respectively, as:
a) inquilinism, mutualism and pollination.
b) inquilinism, commensalism and fertilization.
c) parasitism, mutualism and pollination.
d) parasitism, commensalism and fertilization.
e) parasitism, commensalism and pollination.
9) Among the interspecific relationships mentioned below, mark the alternative that correctly indicates the only disharmonious relationship.
a) Protocooperation.
b) Inquilinism.
c) Commensalism.
d) Herbivory.
i) Mutualism.
10) Mark the alternative that contains incorrect information.
a) In predation, one organism (predator) kills another (prey) to feed itself, which is a very frequent phenomenon in nature.
b) Inquilinism is the relationship in which a “tenant” species lives on or inside a host species, without harming it.
c) Protocooperation is a type of ecological relationship in which associated species exchange various benefits, and cannot in any way live in isolation.
d) In amensalism, one species is harmed without the other being affected.
e) In parasitism, one species parasitizes another, causing damage to the parasitized species.
1 — the
2 — c
3 — c
4 — b
5 — the
6 — b
7 — b
8 — and
9 — d
10 — c
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