El Niño is a natural and cyclical climate phenomenon that occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean. It is a part of the climate system known as the “El Niño-Southern Oscillation” (ENSO).
It is closely linked to variations in sea surface temperature and winds. The phenomenon got its name from its association with Christmas, as it is often observed by Peruvian fishermen around this time.
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It occurs when the waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warm significantly. This warming alters normal atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns.
However, El Niño is not limited to the Pacific region; its effects can be felt around the world. This is because changes in sea surface temperature affect wind patterns, precipitation and temperature in several regions, including South America, North America, Asia and Africa.
In this context, the Civil Defense of the State of
Intense rains can have several consequences, such as floods, landslides and other problems related to excess water. Therefore, anticipating and monitoring this phenomenon is essential for the safety and preparedness of the local population.
In the coming months, the forecast indicates an increase in precipitation, especially in spring, due to the predominance of clouds.
September and October mark the transition to summer, with more intense rains, especially in the West region of Santa Catarina, associated with cold fronts, low atmospheric pressure and convective systems of mesoscale.
In November, summer rains become more frequent across the state. Additionally, temperatures are expected to be above average, with the possibility of cold episodes in early spring. The Equatorial Pacific has a strong El Niño, which reaches its peak in November, December and January, affecting the global climate.
In the Southwest Atlantic, sea surface temperatures also show anomalies, influencing climate conditions in the region. This information is crucial to understanding climate forecasts for the period mentioned.
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