Research from the United States has shown a discovery that could bring a new perspective to evolutionary theories that, to date, have failed to explain complex natural systems.
In an article published in October in the scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, scientists defend a new law of nature,capable of explaining the evolution of stars, minerals and atmospheres, as well as other systems that are part of different fields in the Universe, such as biology and astrophysics.
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The study team is multidisciplinary and made up of scientists from different North American institutions, such as Cornell University and the California Institute of Technology.
For researchers, it was necessary to formulate a law that had always been lacking evolution studies, since the Universe is always generating new combinations.
Furthermore, evolution takes place beyond the Earth's territory, so it was necessary to create knowledge that addressed this diversity.
(Image: Freepik/Reproduction)
“The Universe generates new combinations of atoms, molecules, cells, etc. Those combinations that are stable and can continue to generate even more novelties will continue to evolve.
This is what makes life the most striking example of evolution, but evolution is everywhere,” explained astrobiologist and study researcher Michael Wong in an interview with Science Alert.
Therefore, the study created a new law called the “Law of Functional Information Augmentation” to explain complex systems.
According to her, there are three types of fundamental sources: Static persistence, Dynamic persistence and Generation of novelties.
From the first combination between hydrogen and helium that formed the stars to the current diversity of minerals on Earth, evolution is a complex interaction and composed of the mutual influence of systems.
In fact, stars go through countless processes after they are created. At the end of their lives, they generate “more than 100 elements and approximately 2,000 isotopes”.
According to the study, to this day, the physical laws of “motion, gravity, electromagnetism and thermodynamics” propose a general understanding of macroscopic natural systems in space and time.
However, the new study proposes a theory that creates equivalences between evolving systems. Thus, the three types of functions that were determined can act in this process.
Firstly, Static Persistence explains the maintenance of stable atomic or molecular arrangements. Dynamic Persistence deals with the energy sources of dynamic systems.
On the other hand, the Generation of novelties represents the ability of systems to recreate their configurations, generating adaptations and new characteristics.
Finally, researchers of the “law of increasing functional information” believe that this new perspective is necessary to deepen studies on complex systems and evolution.
* With information from the portal Science Alert.
