Science activity, suitable for students in the fifth year of elementary school, with questions about Physical properties of materials.
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Materials used in human activities can have different origins. When they are available in nature, they are called natural materials. Human beings are capable of producing resources that are not found in nature: they are artificial materials, such as plastics.
Each material has its own characteristics, some of which are called physical properties. These properties help us to recognize and differentiate materials, as well as to decide which one is best for each activity we want to develop or object we want to produce.
Below are some physical properties of materials.
Characteristic that relates the mass of an object made of a certain material with the volume it occupies. It is a specific property of certain materials and can be used to identify them.
The same mass of iron occupies less volume than that of cotton. Thus, we can say that iron is denser than cotton.
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An object made of a strong material is more difficult to break when subjected to an impact such as a fall or a hammer blow.
Steel is a strong material and therefore it is used as part of the structure of buildings.
Elastic materials can be deformed and return to their original shape when the force causing the deformation stops acting.
Rubber is an example of an elastic material. When you pull a paper rubber band, it stretches. When you release it, it returns to its original shape.
The harder a material is, the harder it is to scratch its surface.
Graphite is a soft material that can be used for writing.
Materials that are attracted to a magnet are called magnetic materials.
Magnets are objects made of magnetic material that attract some types of metal, such as iron or its metallic alloys.
Indicates how easily a material conducts electrical energy. Generally speaking, metallic materials are good electrical conductors. Some materials do not allow the passage of electrical current and are called insulators
Copper is a good electrical conductor and, therefore, is widely used in the manufacture of mains wires.
The plastic used to cover the wires is an insulating material, which allows the safe handling of these wires.
Indicates the ability of materials to conduct thermal energy, that is, heat. Materials that do not conduct thermal energy well are called thermal insulators.
Aluminum is a good thermal conductor, which is why it is widely used in the manufacture of cookware, allowing the heat energy from the fire to pass efficiently into the food. But be careful! Touching a hot pan can cause burns.
Buriti more – Science. Publisher: Modern.
1) The materials used by man have two origins, what are they?
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2) What are physical properties of materials?
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3) What are the main physical properties of materials?
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4) Which is more dense a kilo of chocolate or a kilo of sweet popcorn? Justify.
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5) What has more elasticity in a sheet of paper or a cudgel? Justify.
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